Nepal and Bhutan have jointly proposed making climate-related problems in mountain regions a major issue at the 31st Conference of the Parties (COP31). They have suggested a separate agenda titled “1.5°C Warming in Mountains” to bring greater attention to these challenges.
Rising temperatures are causing glaciers to melt, increasing water shortages and damaging mountain ecosystems. Extreme weather events are also creating serious difficulties for people living in these regions.
Mountain rivers provide water, food and energy to more than two billion people living downstream. Mountain areas are also important for protecting biodiversity across the world.
The two countries have demanded stronger scientific studies, annual high-level discussions and a special UN programme for mountain ecosystems. They have also called for mountain-related issues to receive proper attention in climate adaptation, climate finance and loss and damage support.
The proposal highlights the huge financial impact of natural disasters. The 2026 Bhote Koshi flood in Nepal caused an estimated $2.7 billion in damage, while recovery may require $4.7 billion.
Through this joint effort, Nepal and Bhutan want stronger international cooperation, fair financial assistance and better protection for vulnerable mountain communities.
